TDS vs COLOUR

TDS vs COLOUR

• Colour and TDS are the highest in GT due to the suspended solid from the materials (cosmetics,soap etc).

• Colour is the lowest in pond as most of the solids have been filtered by the plants at the c-shaped tank and reeds bed.

• From the results we obtained, we can conclude that the colour is affected by Total Dissolved Solids which is coloured salts(NO3 ,chlorides etc)

solids

solids

Pure water consists of h2o only, but in nature there is always other matter present in the water.
This matter may be dissolved gases, liquids and solids, some of which dissociates into ions.

It normally contains undissolved suspended matter. Some of the matter may be organic in nature and others, inorganic in nature. The sum of all matter other than water, dissolved or undissolved is referred to as TOTAL SOLIDS. Solid fractions can be classified into the following types

a. Settable solids (SETS)

b. Suspended solids (SS/TSS) – Comprises of insoluble matter, and contribute to turbidity

c. Dissolved Solids (DS/TDS) – Comprises of dissolved matter, and contributes to conductivity

d. Total Solids (TS)

e. Volatile Solids

f. Fixed Solids

Turbidity

Turbidity

Turbidity is the lack of clarity provided by suspended matter of insoluble particles such as clay, silt, mineral matter, organic debris and other microscopic organisms which interferes the passage of light.

It is caused by the presence of suspended materials ranging from colloidal to coarse dispersions such as

• Colloidal rock particles

• Farming & other activities that disturb soil

• Treated and untreated domestic and industrial wastewaters

• Presence of microorganisms and bacteria due to organic waste and agricultural run-off

DO

DO

DO or dissolved oxygen is a measure of the degree of pollution of water. To prevent serious pollution, it is essential that aerobic conditions be maintained. Thus, the amount of DO in the water becomes of great importance.

Conductivity

The conductivity of a solution is a measure of its ability to convey an electric current. This varies with the number and type of ions in the solution . the type of various dissolved substances and their concentrations and temperature affect the conductivity of the solution.

The standard unit of electrical conductivity is mho. This the resistance measured between two electrodes of 1 cm square placed 1cm apart . results expressed as the electrical resistance of the sample and of a potassium chloride solution of known conductivity at the same temperature. The more common unit used these days is μSiemens/cm or mSiemens/cm(the latter for more saline samples). A conductivity meter can give direct reading of Total dissolved solids.

Temperature

Temperature can be measured with a good grade of mercury-filled Centigrade thermometer.

Colour

Colour

Colour is determined by visual comparision of the sample to be analysed with coloured solutions of known concentrations OR by instrumental method.

The colour of water is expressed in terms of the Pt/Co ( platinum/Cobalt) unit or the “HAZEN” standard unit. This unit is defined as the colour produced 2mg/L of cobaltous chloride hexahydrrate.